比较级和最高级的构成

2017-04-07 暂无评论

1. 单音节以及少数双音节的词,在后面直接加–er（比较级）-est（最高级）。

少数双音节词指的是少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词

clever['klevə] cleverer cleverest
narrow[ˈnærəʊ] narrower narrowest
able[ˈeɪbl] abler ablest
easy[ˈi:zi] easier easiest

加er，加est的规则

①直接在词尾加-er，-est

tall[tɔ:l]---taller---tallest
fast[fɑ:st]---faster---fastest

②以-e结尾的，在后面加-r , -st

large[lɑ:dʒ]—larger—largest
nice[naɪs]---nicer---nicest

③以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，把y变成i,再加-er , -est

heavy[ˈhevi]—heavier—heaviest
happy[ˈhæpi]---happier---happiest

[注] shy[ʃaɪ] ---- shyer , shyest 或 shier , shiest都可以

④重读闭音节的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er , -est

hot[hɒt]-hotter-hottest
fat[fæt]-fatter-fattest
wet[wet]-wetter-wettest
thin[θɪn]-thinner-thinnest
red[red]-redder-reddest

2. 多音节词和大多数双音节词，皆在前面加more, most

beautiful[ˈbjutəfəl]----more beautiful---- most beautiful.
important[ɪmˈpɔ:tnt]---more important----most important
interesting[ˈɪntrəstɪŋ]---more interesting---most interesting

3. 不规则变化

good/well---better---best
bad---worse---worst
many/much---more---most
little---less---least
far---farther/further---farthest/furthest

4. 拓展

少数单音节词前面加 more-, most- 构成比较级和最高级

tired[ˈtaɪəd] ---- more tired , most tired
fond[fɒnd] ----- more fond , most fond
glad[glæd] ----- more glad , most glad
bored[bɔ:d] ---- more bored , most bored
pleased[pli:zd]---- more pleased , most pleased

下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式

common[ˈkɒmən]: commoner----commonest, more common----most common
clever[ˈklevə]: cleverer---cleverest, more clever---most clever
gentle[ˈdʒentl]: gentler---gentlest, more gentle---most gentle
polite[pəˈlaɪt]: politer---politest, more polite---most polite
pleasant[ˈpleznt]: pleasanter---pleasantest, more pleasant--most pleasant
tired[ˈtaɪəd]: tireder---tiredest, more tired--most tired
cruel[kru:əl]: crueler---cruelest, more cruel---most cruel
strict[strɪkt]: stricter---strictest, more strict---most strict
friendly[ˈfrendli]: friendlier---friendliest, more friendly---most friendly

或许，这时候你头脑冒出了一个一直未解的疑问：音节是什么鬼？